УВАГА! Нова платформа наукового журналу «SCIENTIA FRUCTUOSA».
Перейти за посиланням -  http://journals.knute.edu.ua/scientia-fructuosa/

NEO-PROTECTIONISM AND TRADE WARS

Автор: Sveta on .

Cite as APA style citation
Mazaraki A., Mel'nyk T. Neoprotekcionizm i torgovel'ni vijny. Visnyk Kyi'vs'kogo nacional'nogo torgovel'no-ekonomichnogo universytetu. 2021. № 1. S. 4-23.

FREE FULL TEXT (PDF)
DOI: http://doi.org/10.31617/visnik.knute.2021(135)01

 
UDC 339.548
JEL Classification:F02; F51; F53; E64

MAZARAKI Anatoliy,
Doctor of Economics, Professor, rector
of the Kyiv National University of Trade and Economics
Kyoto str., 19, Kyiv, 02156, Ukraine
 
E-mail: Ця електронна адреса захищена від спам-ботів. вам потрібно увімкнути JavaScript, щоб побачити її.
ORCID: 0000-0001-5283-8444
 
МЕLNYK Tetiana,
Doctor of Sciences in Economics, 
Professor, Head of the Department of International Management
of Kyiv National University of Trade and Economics;
19, Kyoto str., Kyiv, 02156, Ukraine
 
E-mail: Ця електронна адреса захищена від спам-ботів. вам потрібно увімкнути JavaScript, щоб побачити її.
ORCID: 0000-0002-3839-6018

NEO-PROTECTIONISM AND TRADE WARS

Background. Ukraine is integrating closer into international economic processes and at this stage it is important to work out a mechanism of relationship formation ratio between freedom of trade and protectionism, which would smooth the effects of the global market slump and use maximally the benefits that can be obtained abroad.
The aim of the article is to reveal the problems of neo-protectionism in the modern period of global economic development and the related deployment of trade wars between the count­ries of the world with the analysis of their consequences for the global economies and Ukraine.
Materialsandmethods. The information base of the study is the publications of do­mestic and foreign scholars on the protectionism problems and certain trade wars mani­festations in trade policy; official data of the statistical office of the USA, the WTO and other international organizations. Methods of systematization, analysis and synthesis, graphic, tabular, etc. have been used in the research.
Results. In the arsenal of trade and political struggle of countries, along with trade­tional forms of import restrictions, there are effective measures of foreign trade regulation such as administrative, financial, credit, technical, etc., which are gaining strength and greatly complicate free movement of goods across borders. Analysis and identification of modern protection forms of national markets have shown that the expansion of protectionist forms and methods is carried out as the result of the application of non-tariff trade restrictions, which are particularly active in developed industrialized countries, including the USA, although they are demonstrative free trade supporters. The consequences of the confrontation of "big" economies are manifested in the form of "trade wars". Their escalation can significantly influence the world economy and trade and negatively affect the economies of developing countries.
Conclusion. The development of international trade can be characterized as a combi­nation of neo-free trade and neo-protectionism at the present stage. It has been established that neo-protectionist measures can give impulse to the development of national production and stimulate domestic demand for developing countries, although a significant number of such measures may create significant risks in long-term perspective.
The results of the confrontation between the "big"economies are revealed in the form of "trade wars", which intensification can significantly affect the world economy and trade and negatively influence the economies of developing countries.
Neo-protectionism measures which can be useful for Ukraine’s economy development in modern conditions are offered.
Keywords: protectionism, neo-protectionism,international economic policy, "trade war", foreign trade, tariffs, non-tariff measures.

REFERENCES

  1. Åslund A., Dabrowski M. (2015). Challenges of Globalization: Imbalances and Growth. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/227441550 [in English].
  2. Genereux F. (2017). Protectionism: A Brake on Economic Growth. Economic Studies, 17.February. Retrieved from https://www.desjardins.com/ressources/pdf/pv170217-e.pdf [in English]. 
  3. Krugman, Paul (2018). Thinking About a Trade War. Retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com/ 2018/06/17/opinion/thinking-about-a-trade-war-very-wonkish.html [in English]. 
  4. Posen, Adam S. (2018). The Post-American World Economy. Globalization in the Trump Era. Retrieved from https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/united-states/2018-02-13/post-american world-economy [in English]. 
  5. Noland, M., Robinson, S., & Moran, T. (2016). Impact of Clinton’s and Trump’s Trade Proposals; T. Moran (Еd.). Assessing Trade Agendas in the US Presidential Campaign. Peterson Institute for International Economics (PIIE) Briefing, 16-6, 17-39. Retrieved from https://www.rexsresources.com/uploads/6/5/2/1/6521405/piieb16-6.pdf [in English].
  6. Dovgal’, O. A. (2004). Dialektyka protekcionizmu i liberalizmu u zovnishn’oekonomichnij polityci [Protectionism dialectic and liberalism in foreign economic policy]. Ekonomika rozvytku –Economics of development, (32), 31-35 [in Ukrainian]. 
  7. Mazaraki, A. A., Mel’nyk, T. M., & Juhymenko, V. V. et al. (2014). Strategija postkryzovogo rozvytku zovnishn’oekonomichnogo sektoru Ukrai’ny [Post-crisis development strategy of the foreign economic sector of Ukraine]; A. A. Mazaraki (Ed.). Kyi’v: Kyi’vs’kyj nacional’nyj torgovel’no-ekonomichnyj universytet [in Ukrainian]. 
  8. Polishhuk, L. S. (2018). Suchasni instrumenty protekcionizmu osnovnyh centriv svito­vogo gospodarstva [Modern tools of protectionism of the main centers of the world economy]. Mizhnarodni vidnosyny. Ekonomichni nauky –International relations. Economic sciences, 16, 46-49 [in Ukrainian]. 
  9. Sidenko, V. (2017). Trudnye dilemmy obnovlenija global’noj institucional’noj arhitektoniki [The difficult dilemmas of renewing the global institutional architectonics].Jekonomika Ukrainy – Economy of Ukraine, 4 (657), 3-21 [in Russian]. 
  10. Bulatova, O. V., & Marena, T. V. (2018).Osoblyvosti vykorystannja protekcionists’kyh zahodiv v umovah vil’noi’ torgivli [Features of the use of protectionist measures in free trade]. Mizhnarodni vidnosyny. Ekonomichni nauky – International relations. Economic sciences, 16, 65-68 [in Ukrainian]. 
  11. Kelichavyj, A. V. (2014). Polityka protekcionizmu jak faktor pidvyshhennja konku­rentospromozhnosti ekonomiky [Protectionism policy as a factor in increasing the competitiveness of the economy]. Efektyvna ekonomika –Efficient economy, 6. Retrieved from http://www.economy.nayka.com.ua/?op=1&z=3133 [in Ukrainian]. 
  12. Panchenko, V., & Reznikova, N. (2017). Vid protekcionizmu do neoprotekcionizmu: novi vymiry liberal’nogo reguljuvannja [From protectionism to neo-protectionism: new dimensions of liberal regulation]. Mizhnarodna ekonomichna polityka – International Economic Policy, 2 (27), 95-117 [in Ukrainian]. 
  13. Panchenko, V. G., & Reznikova, N. V.  (2014). Nova norma svitovoi’ ekonomiky jak seredovyshhe stanovlennja neoprotekcionizmu [A new norm of the world economy as an environment for the formation of neo-protectionism]. Mizhnarodni vidnosyny. Ekonomichni nauky – International relations. Economic sciences.4. Retrieved from http://journals.iir.kiev.ua/index.php/ec_n/article/view/3144 [in Ukrainian]. 
  14. Puzanov, I. I. (2018). Praktyka protekcionizmu v suchasnyh umovah [Protectionism practice in modern conditions]. Mizhnarodni vidnosyny. Ekonomichni nauky – Inter­national relations. Economic sciences. 16, 16-20 [in Ukrainian]. 
  15. Torgovel’ni vijny suchasnosti ta i’h vplyv na ekonomichne zrostannja i rozvytok u sviti ta Ukrai’ni [Modern trade wars and their impact on economic growth and development in the world and in Ukraine] (2019); nauk. red. V. Jurchyshyn. Kyi’v: Zapovit [inUkrainian]. 
  16. Morgan, J. P. (2019). Perspectives. Global Research, April [in English].
  17. Trade and Development Report (2018). Retrieved from https://unctad.org/en/PublicationsLibrary/ tdr2018_en.pdf [in English]. 
  18. Report on G20 Trade Measures (2019). World Trade Organization. Retrieved from https://www.wto.org/english/news_e/news18_e/g20_wto_report_july18_e.pdf [in English].
  19. Global Dynamics. The Global Trade Alert (2018). Retrieved from https://www.globaltradealert.org/ global_dynamics/area_all/year-from_2018/year-to_2018 [in English]. 
  20. Evenett, S. J., & Fritz J. (2018). Brazen Unilateralism: The US-China Tariff War in Perspective. The 23-rd Global Trade Alert Report. CEPR Press [in English]. 
  21. Kulisher, I. M. (2016). Osnovnye voprosy mezhdunarodnoj torgovoj politiki [Key issues of international trade policy]. Moscow: Socium [inRussian]. 
  22. China’s Trade War Isn’t Entirely About Trade. Retrieved from https://nationalinterest.org [in English]. 
  23. China’s Race to Global Technology Leadership (2019). A. Amighini (Ed.) [in English].
  24. United States Trade Representative (USTR) (2017). USTR Calls a Special Session Under the U.S. Korea Free Trade Agreement. July. Retrieved from https://ustr.gov/about-us/ policy-offices/press-office/press-releases/ 2017/july/ustr-calls-special-session-under-us [in English]. 
  25. Feinman, J. N. (2016). A Closer Look: Backlash against Globalization: Deja vu? Deutsch Asset Management. Retrieved from https://fundsus.deutscheam.com/EN/docs/ research/A_Closer_Look_by_Josh_Feinman-2016-12.pdf [in English].
  26. World Tariff Profiles (2017). WTO. Retrieved from https://www.wto.org/english/res_e/ publications_e/world_tariff_profiles19_e.htm [in English]. 
  27. Oficijnyj sajt statystychnogo Bjuro SShA [Official site of the US Bureau of Statistics]. United States Census Bureau. Retrieved from https://www.census.gov [in English]. 
  28. Which. Retrieved from https://www.bloomberg.com/asia [in English]. 
  29. World Tariff Profiles (2020). WTO. Retrieved from https://www.wto.org/english/res_e/ booksp_e/tariff_profiles20_e.pdf [in English]. 
  30. World Trade Organization (WTO) (2017). World Trade Statistical Review. Retrieved from https://www.wto.org/english/res_e/statis_e/wts2017_e/wts2017_e.pdf [in English].
  31. Integrated analysis and retrieval of notified non-tariff measures. WTO. Retrieved from https://i-tip.wto.org/goods/Forms/MemberView.aspx?data=default [in English]. 
  32. Global Innovation Barometer. Retrieved from https://www.ge.com/reports/innovation-barometer-2018 [in English]. 
  33. Godovoj otchet MVF 2019. Nash vzaimosvjazannyj mir. Mezhdunarodnyj Valjutnyj Fond. Retrieved from https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/ar/2019/eng/assets/pdf/imf-annual-report-2019-ru.pdf [in Russian]. 
  34. Guzhva, I. (2018). Mozhlyvosti neoprotekcionizmu [Possibilities of neoprotectionism]. Dzerkalo tyzhnja – Mirror Weekly, 40. Retrieved from https://zn.ua/ukr/foreign_economics/ mozhlivosti-neoprotekcionizmu-292197_.html [in Ukrainian].