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CUSTOMS AFFAIRS IN THE CONDITIONS OF COVID-19

Автор: Sveta on .

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Karavajev T., Kaluga N. Mytna sprava v umovah COVID-19. Visnyk Kyi'vs'kogo nacional'nogo torgovel'no-ekonomichnogo universytetu. 2020. № 5. S. 42-57.

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DOI:  http://doi.org/10.31617/visnik.knute.2020(133)04

UDC 339.543:614.4
JEL Classification: F13, F53, O19, P33


KARAVAYEV Taras,
doctor of Technical Sciences, Professorof the Department of Commodity Science and Customs Affairs,
Kyiv National University of Trade and Economics
Kioto str.,19, Kyiv, 02156, Ukraine

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ORCID: 0000-0003-4429-2474

 
KALUGA Nina,
candidate of Sciences (PhD),Associate Professorof the Department of Commodity Science and Customs Affairs,
Kyiv National University of Trade and Economics
Kioto str.,19, Kyiv, 02156, Ukraine

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ORCID: 0000-0003-1827-8548

CUSTOMS AFFAIRS IN THE CONDITIONS OF COVID-19

Background. The COVID-19 pandemic declared by the WHO in March 2020 have significantly affected almost all sectors of economy and life spheres, including the imple­mentation of customs affairs. Introduced changes in the trade and customs policy of count­ries of the world, legislative changes and quarantine measures have affected the activity of the customs authorities of Ukraine, which requires a separate study.
Analysis of recent researches and publications has shown that the published up to date papers aren’t systematic and can’t claim to be a complete analysis of the problems and challenges related with the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on customs affairs at the WCO level and in Ukraine.
The aim of the paper is to analyze the WCO measures and the implementation of cus­toms affairs by the customs of the State Customs Service of Ukraine in the conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Materials and methods. General scientific methods such as the systematic approach, theo­retical generalization and comparison, analysis and synthesis have been used in the research.
Results of the research. Globally, the WCO and partner organizations have develop­ped measures to achieve the balance between combating the spread of COVID-19 and ensuring continuity of supply chains. The quarantine measures introduced in the world and in Ukraine have affected the activities of the customs authorities of the State Customs Service. At the first stage, 94 checkpoints across the state border and points of control were temporarily closed, 38 of which remain closed till now. The total number of vehicles passed through the customs border of Ukraine in January-September 2020 compared with 2019 decreased by more than 2 times to 6.7 million units. The largest reductions were fixed for road, air and river transport. The total volume of customs declarations of the MD-2 form decreased by 5.7%. However, the number of other customs documents, according to which goods are sent in international postal and express shipments, has significantly increased.
Conclusion. In the conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic, the WCO focused their attention of customs administrations on taking the necessary measures to protect customs personnel who in direct contact with citizens and carriers when crossing borders. The mea­sures introduced in Ukraine in connection with the spread of COVID-19 have affected the activity of the customs authorities of the State Customs Service. However, the customs officials carried out customs formalities promptly and according to the current legislation and international treaties of Ukraine.
Keywords: pandemic, COVID-19, coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, prohibitions, restric­tions, customs affairs, customs formalities, customs authorities, trade balance.

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