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Kramar T. Pryroda indyvidual'nogo: istoryko-filosofs'kyj vymir. Visnyk Kyi'vs'kogo nacional'nogo torgovel'no-ekonomichnogo universytetu. 2020. № 1. S. 42-54.

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DOI: http://doi.org/10.31617/visnik.knute.2020(129)04

UDC 130.31
 
KRAMAR Tetiana,
Candidate of Philosophical Sciences, Senior Lecturer,
Kyiv National University of Trade and Economics
Kiotostr., 19, Kyiv, 02156, Ukraine
 
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ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5819-3210

THE NATURE OF THE INDIVIDUAL: HISTORICAL AND PHILOSOPHICAL DIMENSION

Background. Biological, social, psychological components of the individual’s nature are closely interconnected and complementary. The problem of determining the nature of the individual is in the subject field of many anthropological sciences and is considered in the interdisciplinary plane, especially meaningful are the studies at the intersection of social philosophy, philosophical anthropology and social psychology.
The analysis of the recent researches and publications has shown that despite the presence of some scientific achievements, the important scientific and practical problem regarding the nature of the individual and its components remains unresolved.
The aim of the article is to analyze the existing views and offer the author’s vision of the nature of the individual, to explore the process of realization of the individual within the social system, to substantiate the relationship between the individual and the social in the process of becoming a personality.
Materials and methods. Methods of comparison, analysis and synthesishave beenusedinthe study.
Results. The analysis of the basic theories of personality, developed on the periphery of research explorations of social philosophy and social psychology, shows how the emphasis of domination and interaction of the three basic components of the nature of the individual – biological, psychological and social has changed. These components are inextricably linked, and in the process of interaction, they form a specific, unique essence of the individual, which is realized through the following approaches: "atomic" individual, which is understood as a single, that is, a part of the common; "suplementary" individual - as a complement to the social; "free" individual –as an autonomous structural component of a person who has a bilateral nature.
Conclusion. The purpose and the result of the formation of the individual as a carrier of individual freedom and an open, non-linear, self-organizing system is the acquisition of permanence, integrity and harmonization of individual components of the individual. In this sense, the individual is defined as a certain totality that integrates special elements of the individual: physical, psychological, intellectual, social and spiritual. The individual contains the ability to remove the direct determination of the biological and social existence of the individual, it forms a system of ideological coordinates corresponding to the existing system of social relations.
Keywords: individual, social system, personality, atomic, suplementary.

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